What’s Do To The Collegiate Athlete Essay -- Sports Education Finances

Whats Do To The Collegiate Athlete Recently Duke Universitys head hoops coach, Mike Krzyzewski, was the recipient of one point three million dollars in salary. The Duke University basketball program is amongst the best in all of college basketball. But, where do we draw the guide? Where do we decide that the players, the ones actually out on the court deserve to be rewarded in the way that their coach is rewarded. It is not infrequently that we see a young man who has great basketball talent skip the collegiate ranks, and head straight for the professionals simply because they cannot afford to be a college student with no money. Intercollegiate summercater corrupt their educational institutions by creating a double standard and devaluing scholarship in favor of athletic competition.The tension between college academics and athletics is nothing new. Maintaining double standards for regular students and athletes dates back to at least 1869, when Rutgers beat Princeton with a footb all team that included three freshmen who were failing algebra. Student athletes draw a la...

The Counterculture :: American History, The Civil Rights Movement

During the sixties Americans saw the rise of the counterculture. The counterculture, which was a group of movements focused on achieving personal and cultural liberation, was embraced by the decades young Americans. Because many Americans were members of the different movements in the counterculture, the counterculture influenced American society. As a result of the achievements the counterculture movements made, the United States in the 1960s became a more than open, more tolerant, and freer country.One of the most powerful counterculture movements in the sixties was the civil rights movement. In 1964, Congress passed the Civil Rights knead to culmination racial discrimination in employment, institutions like hospitals and schools, and privately owned public accommodations In 1965, congress returned suffrage to black southerners, by passing the Voting Rights Act of 1965 (Foner 926). In the case of Loving v. Virginia (1967), the Supreme Court ruled that laws prohibiting interracia l marriage were unconstitutional (Foner 951). Because of the civil rights movement in the sixties, minorities gained more rights than they had prior to the 1960s. composition the 1960s were a time of advancement for minorities, it was also a time of advancement for women. In 1963, Congress passed the Equal Pay Act, which outlawed discrimination in the workplace based on a persons sex (Foner 944). To ensure that women would have the same opportunities as men in jobs, education, and political participation, the bailiwick Organization for women was formed in 1966 (Foner 944). The sixties also marked the beginning of a public campaign to repeal state laws that banned abortion or left the decision to terminate a pregnancy to physicians instead of the woman (Foner 945).Although the sixties were a decade in which the United States became a more open, more tolerant, and a freer country, in some ways it became less of these things. During the sixties, America intervened in other nations and efforts were made to stop the progress of the civil rights movement. Because of Americas immaterial policy and Americans fight against the civil rights movement, it is clear that the sixties in America were not purely a decade of openness, tolerance, and freedom in the United States.In the sixties, many Americans tried to stop the progress minorities were making with the civil rights movement. In 1961, a group known as the Congress of Racial Equality was attacked by mobs, while the group was testing the compliance of court orders banning segregation on interstate buses and trains and in terminal facilities (Foner 914).

The Cost of Higher Education Essay -- Education College Graduate Schoo

IntroductionThe increasing speak to of melloweder education in the United States has been a continuing topic for debate in recent decades. American society emphasizes the importance of education after high school, yet the cost of undergraduate and innovational degrees continually rises at a greater rate than inflation. According to the Advisory Committee on Student Financial Assistance, cost factors prevent 48% of college-qualified high school graduates from pursuing further education (McKeon, 2004, p. 45). The current system requires the majority of students to accumulate extensive debt with the expectation that they gain lucrative post-graduate employment to repay their loans. The cost of higher(prenominal) education raises several ethical issues. Among these are the perpetuation of the cycle of debt in American commercial society, the hierarchy of differing higher education institutions and cost, and the resulting socioeconomic and racial inequities in college demographics . Both an examination of the current trends and figures and a closer look at a real life example show the troublesome area of higher education and its effect on our commercial society.The Facts about Cost, Financial Assistance, and LoansResearch indicates a steep upward trend in the cost of higher education throughout the 20th century. In recent decades, America has witnessed a widening gap between inflation and tuition. An incoming freshman at a typical college incurs charges for tuition, university fees, books, room and board, and other miscellaneous items. During the 1999-2000 academic year the total cost of attendance for full time undergraduates at a 2-year institution averaged $9,083, a 4-year public institution equaled $12,601, and a 4-year private... ...costs? USA Today, 123, 66-67. Retrieved November 29, 2004 from schoolman Search Premier Database.Laurence, D. (2003, winter). Notes on the English major. ADE Bulletin 133, 3-5.Malveaux, J. (2004, July). Will tuitio n become a campaign issue? Black Issues in Higher Education, 21. Retrieved November 30, 2004 from Academic Search Premier Database.McKeon, H. P. (2004, January). Intervention is needed. USA Today, 1/5/04.Reiland, R. (1996, September) Deconstructing the ivory tower. subject Review, 48, 36. Retrieved November 29, 2004, from Academic Search Premier Database. Through a different lens A new angle on the price spiral in higher education. (2000, January/February). The National Center for Postsecondary Improvement.University of Minnesota. (2004). Retrieved December 12, 2004 fromhttp//www1.umn.edu/twincities/01_about.php

Macbeth essay :: essays research papers

This essay earned a 89/100. it was a lot of work considering the lines from macbeth for textual support.Would you kill someone if it brought you power, and the ability to rule a country? Macbeth, one of the kings generals wanted the power. Macbeth does many things throughout till he ends up in a crazed mess in the end. He goes from a thoughtful person who knew right from wrong, to a courageous ruler whose arrogance got the best of him. Throughout the play, Macbeth proves himself of a tragic hero. To prove that he is a tragic hero, he shows a supreme pride, and capacity for suffering. He withal has a sense of commitment and vigorous protest, which eventually has an impact on him and other characters. Here are some facts that have been cited, to prove that he is a tragic hero.Macbeth shows a supreme pride, because he knows that Banquo is an obstacle in his sort of ruling. So, in order to maintain his place as king, he must kill him. Macbeth states that it is his duty to kill him, bu t not let anyone see his crime, for it go away all be over when Banquo is dead. The Prince of Cumberland That is step / On which I must fall down or else oer leap, / For in my way it lies. Stars haze over your fires / Let not light see my black and deep desires / The eye wink at the pay, yet let that be / Which the eye fears, when it is done, to see(Macbeth 1.4.48-53). Macbeth also shows a supreme pride when he is thinking about the proposal of Duncans murder. He thinks about how nothing bad can happen and he can only move forward as king. Macbeth thinks about his ambition and how it can lead to a downfall. I have no spur / To turd the sides of my intent, but only / Vaulting ambition which oer leaps itself / And falls on thother(1.7.25-25). Macbeths capacity for suffering also leads him to be a tragic hero. Before the murder of Duncan, Macbeth has a personal moment of truth and thinks about what he is going to do. He imagines the dagger in his hand and thinks about the nightmare s he will be invaded with. Macbeth is so obsessed with murder he begins seeing things, and must be quiet and not wake anyone, for he would give himself away.

Was William Shakespeare an Author? Essay -- Biography Biographies Essa

Was William Shakespe are an Author? That every word doth almost tell my pee-pee / Showing their birth, and where they did proceed... Some might say that this quote from Sonnet 76 eloquently expresses the narrators desire to be heard. This is a normal enough emotion to have. In todays society, people will fight behemently for that right. In Elizabethan times, however, to be heard was not a right at all, but a privilege. The queen, Elizabeth I, had the power to hush up any opposition. One could easily see how a verse like the above example could find its inspiration. Some would argue that, with the necessary information, one could average as easily see a darker purpose uncovered, William Shakespeare Did he exist? There is no doubt of that. Was he responsible for the greatest poetry and prose the communicatory ball has ever known? That, it would appear, is a greater mystery than one would initially think. I intend to search for the answer to the question Was William Shakespeare r esponsible for the writings traditionally attributed to him? When I first became aware of this debate, I was skeptical. Who wouldnt be? A 400-year old conspiracy theory always invokes doubt, especially one of this caliber. The plays and poetry of William Shakespeare are frequently called the greatest writings of the English language. The Guiness Book of World Records, using only his plays and poetry or the word count, lists him as the man with the largest vocabulary. How then green goddess these works be attributed to the son of a glove maker with no formal education? This is the backbone of the debate raging through the literary world today. Stratfordians, the people who hold to the traditional view, have no real answers. Oxfordians, however... ... Haugen, Peter. (1997, April 20). Who wrote Hamlet? Online http//www.sacbee.com/leisure/goingout/theater/hamlet.htm. Kathman,Dave, and Terry Ross. (1997) Shakespeare authorship. Online http//www.bepl.net/tross/ws/will.html Kelly, Kathleen. (1997, April 25). The bard by any other name. . . Online http//www.dailycal.org/ schedule/04.25.97/feat/shakespeare.html McFarlan, Donald, ed. (1990, April). Guinness book of world records. New York, NY Bantam. Shaking the spear. (1997, February 18) Online http//hhs.stcharles.k12.la.us/mypages/devere.htm Sim, Kevin. (1992, December 22). The Shakespeare mystery. Frontline. Stevens, John Paul. (1992, April 4). Shakespeare canon of statutory construction. Online http//www.shakespeare-olford.com/stevens.htm William Shakepeare the complete works. (1998). New York, NY Dorset Press.

Was William Shakespeare an Author? Essay -- Biography Biographies Essa

Was William Shakespeare an Author? That every word doth almost tell my name / viewing their birth, and where they did proceed... Some might say that this quote from Sonnet 76 eloquently expresses the narrators desire to be heard. This is a normal enough emotion to have. In todays society, community will fight behemently for that right. In Elizabethan times, however, to be heard was not a right at all, but a privilege. The queen, Elizabeth I, had the power to silence either opposition. One could easily see how a verse like the above example could find its inspiration. Some would argue that, with the necessary information, one could just as easily see a darker purpose uncovered, William Shakespeare Did he exist? There is no doubt of that. Was he responsible for the greatest poetry and prose the English-speaking ball has ever known? That, it would appear, is a greater mystery than one would initially think. I intend to search for the answer to the question Was William Shakespeare responsible for the writings traditionally attributed to him? When I first became aware of this debate, I was skeptical. Who wouldnt be? A 400-year old conspiracy theory always invokes doubt, especially one of this caliber. The plays and poetry of William Shakespeare are ofttimes called the greatest writings of the English language. The Guiness Book of World Records, using only his plays and poetry or the word count, lists him as the man with the largest vocabulary. How then can these industrial plant be attributed to the son of a glove maker with no formal education? This is the backbone of the debate raging through the literary world today. Stratfordians, the multitude who hold to the traditional view, have no real answers. Oxfordians, however... ... Haugen, Peter. (1997, April 20). Who wrote Hamlet? Online http//www.sacbee.com/leisure/goingout/theater/hamlet.htm. Kathman,Dave, and Terry Ross. (1997) Shakespeare authorship. Online http//www.bepl.net/tross/ws/will.html Kell y, Kathleen. (1997, April 25). The bard by any other name. . . Online http//www.dailycal.org/archive/04.25.97/ action/shakespeare.html McFarlan, Donald, ed. (1990, April). Guinness book of world records. New York, NY Bantam. Shaking the spear. (1997, February 18) Online http//hhs.stcharles.k12.la.us/mypages/devere.htm Sim, Kevin. (1992, December 22). The Shakespeare mystery. Frontline. Stevens, John Paul. (1992, April 4). Shakespeare canon of statutory construction. Online http//www.shakespeare-olford.com/stevens.htm William Shakepeare the complete works. (1998). New York, NY Dorset Press.

Motivation and Organizational Culture Essay

Motivation and Organizational Culture Assignment In any given business or employment environment the employees that work there should be the most valued assets. Research has shown that personnel who are happy and taken care of are much more(prenominal) productive than those who are not, therefore establishing a more pleasing work atmosphere. That being said, business leaders and managers alike play an extremely important occasion in workplace psychology.According to our text, leadership is the process of leading a group and influencing its members to achieve common goals. All managers are leaders (Robbins, DeCenzo, and Coulter, 2011). In at onces society more managers are leading through empowerment by allowing team members to be involved in the decision making process. to a greater extent and more employees are developing budgets, scheduling workloads, controlling inventories, solving quality problems, and engaging in similar activities that until very recently were viewed exclus ively as variance of the managers job.As mentioned earlier, research has shown that employees who are pleased are far more beneficial than employees who are not. There are many things that managers stinker do to ensure that their employees feel valued, and remain satisfied. First of all, it is important that managers avoid using intimidation. To intimidate means to make nervous, or instill fear. In several(prenominal) cases an individual can take advantage of their title and turn in to an authoritarian. In a sense this means that the big guys squash the little guys.

Biological Weapons and America’s Secret War Essay

Each and e precise day, everyone is exposed to germs. Despite our distaste for germs, disposition has assured us that publicy, perhaps well-nigh of the germs we encounter atomic number 18 non harmful, further many atomic number 18 not honest harmful, but fatal. by chance man spent most of his constituteence without any first hand knowledge about germs, but man almost certainly has recognized that unseen germs wear undesirable effectuate. In ancient times, quite a little thought that germs came from demons or the gods. In ancient history, Hypocrites acknowledged that this was not true.From ancient times to the Black Death of the fourteenth century and on to the arrival of Columbus to the New World, germs killed millions of people. During the Plague of the fourteenth century, known as the Black Death, fully one third of altogether Europeans ar thought to have perished. Invisible at the time, germs such as b encountereria were first seen when Anton Van Leeuwenhoek notic ed them with the in goingion of the microscope. scour then, some germs argon so sm any that they could not be seen until the electron microscope was invented in the 1930s.Although seen for the first time, no defense against them was readily available until Dr. Ed state of state of ward Jenner created the first vaccine in 1796. In the ordinal century, medical professionals realized that taking precautions as simple as washing ones hands could reduce the worrylihood of being septic by germs. In 1928, Alexander Flemming discovered that penicillin kills bacteria, a discovery that readiness have helped the foundation a decade earlier when an estimated 20 million people world wide died from influenza.This staggering figure demonstrates just how deucedly germs apprize be, and vividly drives home the dangers of germs and their potential for use in state of war. Recent reddents withal demonstrate the driving force for concern about the strewing of germs and the possible dangers of widespread germ state of war. In 2003, fully two decades after the world first grew alarmed about the spread of the human beings immunovirus (HIV) and the dangers AIDS that result, a Chinese man living in China became ill with an unusual type of pneumonia labeled SARS (Severe Acute respiratory Syndrome).Although initially localized to China, SARS quickly spread throughout the world in just three months, an other(a) vivid illustration of the dangers of germ warfargon. Those who readiness use germ weapons targeted at a particular enemy are not endangering their enemy. Germs do not recognize boundaries. This is one of the central concerns the authors express in their book. Germs are bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoa. Although the vast majority of germs are believably harm slight, some can invade plants and animals and make them sick and many are deadly.However, not all are harmful and some can be beneficial. For example, some bacteria grow in our intestines and help us to i ncorporate nutrients in our bodies from the foods we eat. Such bacteria are not campaign for concern and not the subject of the authors book. Rather, authors Judith Miller, Stephen Engelberg and William Broad focus on biologic warfare and the deadly germs apply in and/or poseed for biologic warfare. This book is a revealing look at the biologic weapons programs that have existed in the US and Russia in the past and mogul exist today.In Russia, for example, the program was Known to the Soviets as the Concern, Biopreparat the laboratories and plants that supposedly manufactured vaccines and other civilian pharmaceutical products was in fact a hub of Moscows germ effort, a vast network of secret cities, production plants, and centers that studied and perfected germs as weapons. (p. 135) While thermonuclear energy and the potential to develop and use nuclear power for military purposes was the novel weapon of the 20th century, the comparable weapon of this century may be germ b ombs and the threat of germ warfare.Germs are less costly to cultivate and develop than nuclear power, easier to develop and available to anyone with adequate expertise and laboratory facilities. Unlike the millions of dollars required to develop and design nuclear weapons, biological weapons are relatively inexpensive to develop and use. Developing an efficient delivery system to use with biological weapons may be more than awkward than maturation or cultivating deadly germs, but the feedency of people to move among themselves and the propensity of germs to quickly spread from one individual to another make germs and germ warfare a cause for concern.Of course, protective gear is required for their development so as to avoid contamination during research or use and to protect from accidents and wastes, but developing germ weapons is relatively easy and available. What are the effects of viral infection? Despite their minute size, germs are among the most deadly things in the la nd of living things. The authors provide an example. In their scenario, the victims contracted the virus after eating in a restaurant. The stomach cramps began later that day Two days later,(they) started getting ill by weeks end, thirteen of twenty-eight employees were sick. And dozens (more) called to complain that they had gotten violently ill. (p. 18) Germs are or can be the cause of great illness and biological destruction and can cause death in numerous painful and undesirable ship canal. The spectrum of effects that can be attributed to germs ranges from very beneficial to mildly beneficial to mildly harmful and all the way to deadly. Once germs invade a body, they consume nutrients and energy and produce toxic wastes that act as poisons leading to any number of health problems. The beneficial germs are not what concern the authors.The authors message is that germs can be deadly and that governments have and probably still are developing germs specifically for use as weapon s in military situations, and while that is of concern, the authors point out that other concerns are just as worrisome or of more concern. What if biological weapons developed by the military were to fall into the hands of terrorists? Even though the means to deliver biological weapons is difficult, in a terrorist act or even in a military situation, even an inefficient means of delivery can be sufficiently potent to be frightening and cause the rapid spread of germs.The germs can be spread by human interaction and contact. In situations of terrorism, germs can be sprayed or merely distributed by means of tiny vials. Once the spread begins, the germs can be more difficult to eradicate than they were to deliver even if scarce distributed in a small area. The problem then becomes how to contain the germs and foil their spread. General focus of the book Although the authors focus on the biological weapons program in the US, they also consider other elements of concern as regards bi ological weapons and biological warfare.They point out that research into the development and use of biological weapons has grown despite the deadly nature of the weapons and the reality that such weapons, like the gases used during World War I, are just as deadly and harmful to those who would use the weapons as to those who are the intended victims. It may be impossible to protect victim or victimizer from the effects of biological weapons. The authors are concerned that on numerous occasions, the U. S. has considered use biological weapons despite the dangers they pose. But the U. S. is not the only culprit.Other countries have biological weapons programs and some biological weapons have been used in the past. These weapons pose a threat for the future. During the Gulf War, for example, biological weapons developed by Iraq posed a threat and they might, in fact still pose a threat. While U. S. went in search of nuclear weapons and found none, the threat of biological weapons pos ed just as great a danger. The authors consider and compare chemic and biological weapons and blueprint the relative dangers of each. Authors view and why author feels this is measurable The authors make clear that everyone is playing with germs for use in warfare.During World War I, the combatants used mustard gas to kill the enemy, but they learned that a temporary shift in the wind direction could result in deaths on twain sides. While it is perhaps only a value judgment that germs are worse than nuclear weapons, nobody can deny that germs might be at least as bad. If the radiation pollution and effects of nuclear weapons can brave for hundreds or thousands of years, how long could the effects of a living virus last and how are we to combat them perhaps not as long as nuclear radiation and perhaps not forever perhaps longer and even forever.Who can predict? What is to contain them from infecting all parties? Of course, conventional warfare is not the only reason for concern as regards biological weapons. Of particular concern are terrorists. The authors of this book review the problems associated with the creation and existence of biological weapons manufactured by countries around the world. They point out that the biological weapons prepared for use in war are just as deadly and just as much of concern for their value to terrorist for use in acts of terror.Unlike nuclear weapons, both chemical and biological weapons can be easy and inconspicuously transported from one location to another by anyone. Even if the countries that have germ weapons have no blueprint of using them, who can prevent them from falling into the hands of terrorists. Terrorists have a death wish of sorts. Perhaps they dont want to die, but they are willing to die for their cause, and while no one can object to a person being willing to die for a cause, not all causes are for the benefit of humankind.In the hands of terrorists who dont care about anyone or anything but their cau se, biological weapons pose an equal danger to everyone. Germs do not recognize boundaries, race, nationality or cause. Terrorists can but biological weapons just as they buy other weapons or manufacture them on their own. The authors describe biological weapons as the poor mans hydrogen bomb. Often, they are simple to make in a laboratory. Sociological consequences from authors perspective biological weapons are more than merely a military concern. They are a sociological concern and a concern to society in general.Perhaps the only reason biological weapons might not be of as great a concern as the concern surrounding nuclear weapons is that most terrorists might not have a proper means to spread contamination by biological microbes, but even with the limited use of a biological weapon, stopping the spread of germs is complicated. Even limited use of such weapons can cause widespread contamination, especially during the initial period before anyone becomes aware that a biological weapon has been used and action can be taken to stop the spread of the microbes.Once released, stopping the subsequent spread of the biological germs is both a medical and a sociological problem. Sociology involves how people interact with people, and the widespread use of biological weapons would dramatically alter and restrict human interactions. Typical human interactions from one day to the next, from one moment to the next dictate that germs will spread quickly and rapidly become a world(prenominal) concern as was demonstrated with the SARS outbreak in 2003. Weaknesses and strengths of the bookPerhaps the books greatest weakness is adequately addressing what can be done to prevent the further development and spread of such weapons. How can we prevent similar situations in other countries? Even if we could persuade the U. S. and Russia to abandon research and development of biological weapons, what can be done to prevent the spread and use of such weapons throughout smaller cou ntries of the developing world? The authors do not pose practicable solutions for that problem and, sadly, in that respect may be none.Signing treaties may alleviate fear, but treaties signed in public are broken in secret. No one realizes they have been broken until it is too late. That, perhaps, is among the greatest concerns connected with this bulge. While the book is well written and adequately considers a number of important outputs, the school principal as to how to prevent biological weapons from spreading is not adequately considered, perhaps because, in my view, openly signing treaties is no guarantee that anyone will adhere to what has been signed. That, therefore, is a concern, at least my concern.Yes, Americans could put pressure on U. S. politicians to stop research in and development of germ weapons and germ warfare, but that wouldnt necessary stop such research among terrorists. How can we really prevent germ weapons from falling into the hands of rogue countrie s and terrorists? The book addresses the issue, but no viable solutions are presented. some other concern, perhaps a major one, is the manner in which the authors pose or form their conclusions. For example, they ask, Is the threat of germ weapons real or exaggerated? Our answer is both. This leaves the ref wondering what to conclude, or at the least leads the reader to wonder what message the authors are trying to relay. Fortunately, this book is not designed to be an alarmist book, but quite an to point out the threat currently posed by biological weapons and what can be done to minimize their impact in the event of a biological fill out. Authors biases Of course, everyone has a bias and slant on everything. The authors slant their work on the dangers of germ weapons and ignore the benefits. Considering the true dangers, one might ask, Do germ weapons present any benefits in the long run? Certainly, no rational person could blame the authors for ignoring the assumed benefits o f germ warfare. For example, is it possible that just the threat that these weapons exist might serve as a deterrent to war? From my perspect, that oppugn, although it seems logical, is wild to the point of being ridiculous. Any weapon that is so deadly and dangerous that it cannot be used is abortive because it leaves no rational options. Fail to use it and be destroyed. Use it and be destroyed. Those seem to be the options and, as you can see, they do not constitute an option at all.The final outcome is destruction. The authors explain, Once the rod-shaped bacteria entered a victims body, the invaders multiplied wildly over hours and days, damaging tissues and overwhelming rival bacteria. Their main weapons were toxins and sticky hairs The toxins caused the intestines to exude waves of watery fluid. (p. 19) By the end of the outbreak, nearly 1,000 people had been infected, medical facilities and staff had been overwhelmed and infected individuals had moved around so as to spre ad infection. This is how viruses act on everyone, victim and victimizer alike.They create situations that overwhelm facilities, medical professionals and staff alike. On the other hand, if situations never come to the point where such issues need be considered, then the weapons and their creation were needless in the first place. So, the bottom line is not to develop such weapons at all. They pose many serious dangers and no real advantages. Personal experiences with Germs Like most people perhaps, my personal experiences and perspective on this issue involve no more than the common colds I occasionally get. Some are worse than others, but I am well away that people, me included, tend to take colds for granted.We assume that colds are things that generally come unexpectedly, last briefly and then go away. Most people fail to realize that colds kill and most people today cannot fathom the seriousness of the global influenza epidemic of 1918. It is tell that so many American men bei ng sent to war in Europe died from influenza that the virus actually posed as great or greater threat of death than the war. My personal experiences with colds make it difficult to fathom this situation, but it also emphasizes the point that viruses kill and that even apparently simple and common viruses are of greater concern than we realize.Further research undeniable If further research were heedd, where should we place most of our research emphasis? Certainly, much research should be devoted to finding shipway and means to cope with the effects of the viruses most likely to be used in biological warfare. Providing medical assistance after a biological attach may be useless since viruses can exert their lethal effect so quickly that many would die long before any effective treatment could be delivered. Perhaps a research focus on preventing the spread of such weapons would be of greater value although certainly treatment should not be ignored.What treatment would there be, or could there be for freshly developed biological weapons? While we cannot develop treatment for deadly viruses not yet developed, perhaps we can pursue research that would head off the development of such viruses. I feel that this is impossible because you cannot head off what you cannot even vaguely predict or foresee. Even as I consider this issue, it seems the possibilities of pursuing research that would provide medical cures for biological germs not yet developed is rather preposterous.In my view, research is not the answer to any of the problems except possibly treating the victims of the potential biological weapons we already have and the germs we already know exist, but what about protecting people from newly developed germs? Ultimately, the real solution appears to be finding a way to stop the development and use of such weapons. Certainly, that might be much easier said than done, but it might mean that the most effective medical research is sociological in nature.I dont like to view anything as being hopeless, but in this case, it seems to me that the greatest hope lays not so much in any type of research, but in finding ways for human beings to get along better. If further research were pursued, where should we place most of our research emphasis? Certainly, much research should be devoted to finding ways and means to cope with the effects of the viruses most likely to be used in biological warfare. Providing medical assistance after a biological attack may be useless since viruses become resistant to any attack. In a sense, they are perfect fighting machines.This topic is of sociological concern because it indicates how important it is to find ways to address and deal with the social situations and problems we encounter as individuals and as countries. For example, not mentioned in the book is that naive individuals might use viruses to vent grudges against other individuals. Personally, I am just as happy that this theme is not presented in th e book because I would not want to give anyone foolish and dangerous ideas that would go far beyond affecting the intended victim, and perhaps that is a central message the book tries to convey as well.Germ warfare is not a strategy that assures national security but a dangerous idea that serves no valid purpose and assures danger, mayhem and widespread death. controls Relationship to Sociology its Value in Class Lectures. This topic has value in the class, but in my view, its value lies only in bringing the issue to our attention and allowing us to address the research and development of such weapons in America and perhaps Russia, China and the European countries.There is little we can do about terrorists or rogue countries and certainly, showing too much concern for the creation of such weapons only increases the likelihood that terrorists might be foolish fair to middling to use them. So, the question as to the value of this topic in class is questionable. Certainly, we need to be aware of the dangers of germs and take measures to protect against them and to prevent their spread, but that is mainly a health issue and it remains a health issue whether or not viewed from the perspective of sociology or medicine.Personally, I dont like calling undue attention to things we cannot control because it alarms people in a manner that leads to a feeling of helplessness. Summary and conclusion In conclusion, this book vividly presents the dangers and concerns that surround germ warfare. While the book focuses on the biological weapons program in the US it points out that many countries are playing with this deadly idea and that developing countries view it as a poor mans nuclear bomb.Even so, from the authors perspective at least, biological weapons are much worse than nuclear weapons. In my view, perhaps that is not true. While the methods (nuclear vs. biological) are different, in the final analysis, both cause great illness and (different types of) global pollut ion that will affect the world for decades, centuries, possibly millennia. In my personal view, I believe that surviving a biological war is more likely than surviving a nuclear war, but I find the idea of choosing between one or the other ludicrous. I feel that more people might die quickly and painfully with biological weapons than with nuclear weapons, but ultimately, I feel that the global pollution with nuclear weapons would be worse. It is a question of seeing a glass as half empty or half full.The idea that there is a difference or distinction is more or less an illusion. In the end, the only viable alternative is to completely avoid both. Choosing between the value judgment as to which is worse is a decision I would rather never take and it is also one that I wish no one else in the world had the opportunity to make. Yes, perhaps that is a naive view, but in the end, isnt that what you would probably prefer as well.ReferenceMiller, Judith, Stephen Engelberg and William Broa d. (2002). Germs Biological Weapons and Americas Secret War. Simon and Schuster, New York, NY.

Cosmic Education

Rachael Jacobson Cosmic Education Exiled to India during World War II, Maria Montessori developed matchless of the basic tenets of her philosophy of learning. This tenet is what she call(a)ed cosmic education. In To Educate the Human Potential (ed 2007 p9) Montessori said that, the stars, earth, stone, life of all kind form a upstanding in relation to each other, and so close is this relation that we cannot view a stone without some understanding of the great sun. This interconnectedness, the interconnectedness of every element of the universe, is at the heart of cosmic education.As Dr. Montessori explains, all things atomic number 18 part of the universe, and are connected with each other to form one whole unity. The paper helps the mind of the child to become focused, to stop wandering in an aimless quest for knowledge. He is satisfied having found the universal center of himself with all things. Montessori believed that children who stock a cosmic education would grow to hav e a clearer understanding of themselves because they had a better understanding of the natural world and their place in it.She in like manner believed that children are much closer to nature than adults. Therefore, the ideas of cosmic education can be impressed upon them more easily so that they can grow up with an appreciation and sense of wonder about the natural world and keep it as adults. An sentiency of the interdependence between human beingss and the universe and the sense of gratitude that comes from that awareness are absolutely necessary if a child is to grow into a peaceful human being.Montessori believed that providing a cosmic education to children would be a essence to this end because children who are exposed to all the elements and forces of nature gain a sense of importance, purpose, and responsibility, which they carry into their adult lives. It was her belief that the future was in the hands of children and that their education would determine whether or not the future humankind was a peaceful or one fraught with destruction, violence, and war. Cosmic Education is held together by aglue known as The smashing Lessons. The Great Lessons introduce the overall scope of cosmic education .There are five Great Lessons. Montessori believed that storytelling was an ideal stylus to introduce knowledge to elementary children, engaging both their imaginations and their developing powers of reason. All of these lessons are accompanied by illustrations and charts, and many by scientific demonstrations. They are all told to the children in the first months of school, and are re-told each year to the returning children. They help children build a context for the knowledge that they will acquire passim their years as EC, EI and E2 students. The Five Great Lessons are 1.The Coming of the Universe This lesson introduces scientific thought on the origins of the universe and our own planet. Using charts and experiments, this first Great Lesson describes how minerals and chemicals formed the elements, how matter transforms to three states of solid, liquid, and gas, how particles joined together and formed the earth, how heavier particles sank to the earths core and volcanoes erupted, and how mountains were formed and the atmosphere condensed into rain, creating oceans, lakes, and rivers. From this story, students are introduced to lessons in physics, astronomy, geology, and chemistry.For example, they learn about light, heat, convection currents, gravity, galaxies, planetary systems, the earths crust, volcanoes, erosion, humor and physical geography. 2. The Coming of Life This lesson represents the beginning of life on Earth from the simplest forms through the appearance of human beings. The second Great Lesson explains how single-cell and multi-cell forms of life became embedded in the bottom of the sea and formed fossils. It traces the Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and the Cenozoic periods, beginning with the kingdom of trilobites and end ing with human beings.The teacher indicates on a time line where vertebrates began, followed by angle and plants, then amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. In this lesson students are introduced to the basics of zoology and botany. 3. The Coming of Human Beings This lesson is an introduction to prehistory and history that continues the exploration of life on Earth, with an emphasis on the development of humans. The aim is for the children to imagine what life was like for early humans. This lesson is the basis for lessons in history and the development of ancient civilizations.They also learn how climate and topography influenced mingled civilizations. 4. The Story of Our Alphabet This story is an introduction that follows the development of writing from its appearance in primitive cultures to its role in modern times. From this lesson, students use grammar materials, which help them discover how language is put together, and refine capitalization and punctuation. Students a re introduced to the study of the origin of English words from other languages, the meanings of prefixes and suffixes and diverse forms of writing such as rhyme and prose. 5.The Story of Our Numerals This story is an introduction that emphasizes how human beings needed a language for their inventions to convey measurement and how things were made. The story describes how number systems evolved throughout time and within different civilizations. This story is the basis for the childrens learning of mathematics, which is integrated into all studies. The first three stories are what Duffy (2002 p30) calls the story of our origin and past, while the last two stories are illustrations of human cultural accomplishments and the evolution of human ideas. Stoll Lillard (2005 p134) calls this a core of impressionistic knowledge that is intended to inspire the child to learn more. The Great Lessons simultaneously raise and firmness of purpose questions. How did the universe come to be? Our solar system? Our planet? Our oceans, lakes, mountains, forests, flowers, and animals? The Great Lessons helps children see how interrelated all things are. They instill in children the understanding that all mountain are one and that we must all be our brothers keeper. Most importantly, The Great Lessons provide the child with a macro view of the world.Through the stories told in each of the five lessons, the child is introduced to the big picture. Children become aware that the universe evolved over billions of years, and that it is based on the law and order through which all the plants, animals, and the rest of creation is maintained. From that point, students are introduced to increasing levels of detail and complexity within these broad areas and gradually understand that they are part of this order and are participants in the ongoing life of the universe.Thus, The Great Lessons provide a springboard of sorts from which children can develop their individual interests and sha pe their own learning. The Great Lessons allow the child to ladder between macro and micro levels of knowledge. The basic premise of cosmic education maintains that no subjects should be taught in isolation. Rather all elements of the curriculum are viewed as interdependent upon one another. The outcome of cosmic education allows children to become thankful for the world around them and an understanding of their place in it. They will begin to understand that they have been given many gifts from the past and present.They also develop wonder, gratitude, a sense of purpose, and a feeling of responsibility to others, to the earth, and to future generations. If young children grow up with love and respect and the knowledge that they matter, they have the best chance of growing up and meeting their full potentialno matter their circumstances. Duffy, M D (2002) Cosmic Education in the Montessori Elementary Classroom Parent Child Press Hollidaysburg. Montessori, M (ed 2007) To Educate th e Human Potential The Montessori Series Amsterdam. Stoll Lillard, A (2005) Montessori The acquirement behind the Genius Oxford University Press Oxford

Natural and Moral Man in History

Immanuel Kant was one of the principal names and possibly the chief in the Western rationalism and enlightenment progress in the 18th century. He is the father of dualism in man of man and mind. According to him, first, man has a instinctive facial expression of m take in wherein his feelings or thoughts, inclination, desires, field of consciousness and emotions are incorporated. This possesses man to be under the natural laws, just like other creatures, merely that is non enough to keep back him consider as human because what makes man human possessing bequeath is his mental abilities, and this lifted him to be superior and better than to each(prenominal) other creatures.Animals are born(p) of whatever means are necessary for them to alive(p) as if another intelligence had thought of everything they need like horns or claws or teeth and mandatory association and instincts. But man is born as a creature gathering all the deprivations in his ego. Man, equipped with intell igence and a personality that doesnt do anything unnecessary and doesnt waste any material used for the attainment of goals, must accomplish, himself, everything above the mechanical order of his animal world without following his instincts. Because it is naturally, from the very beginning of his humans is equipped with intelligence which can be inherited from the parents and also the free will which only depends on his intelligence. He himself controls all his actions, because he depends on his consciousness about something.Kants case of existence has an area of showing the qualities which has been the subject of all body of systematic knowledge which are based on facts, namely, the part, showing the well-defined known attributes. And the other area is composed of the metaphysical core. In which one cannot learn if it is not perceived. This is only possible by developing the character or the personality of an individual. For example, the religion which is a matter of mans basic make-up but not merely with its natural knowledge where he needs to supply all for himself from his basic needs like food he will eat up to clothing and any other thing he will use for his own protection.According to Kant, man was brought out to this world with talents and skills but he still need to put up those by trainings and by acquiring education. Man has a so called human growth and development stages which necessitates them to be trained and cared by other persons or simply by their parents. As mentioned by Aristotle, man is a rational beingness, which can discover lot of things by its own efforts of opinion and hard work. This made the transfer and preservation of discoveries and knowledge for future use. Due to learning and education, the species character of animal was develop to a man that clearly break us from other lower forms, thus made man inclined to humanity and the purpose of existence. This is the barrier of humans to the unconscious minded creature. Due to civilize acquired from the human environment prevented man to become uncultivated or wild.From the existence, animals are naturally equipped with the capabilities to survive from their first breath. But they are not provided with aptitudes for expert and evil. Meaning, an animal is not aware of the bully and bad, while a human possesses aptitude for good and evil, because we are with moralistic standards. As man was given good education, his actions will probably show good things. Apparently, morality shall be learned and acted freely but away from evil sources. In short, the factors that makes a man a human is his intelligence and its discovery that depends on education.Kants morality is based on the off-putting of the physical-emotional side of man. He put both man and existence into two (2) different spheres, he thought that the principles of man must be traditional that should be found in mans own being and conscience. As said by Kant, the intelligence that determines our con science or action and direction is the practical intelligence that makes a man a human by its activities. Morality is very important. The universal and unchangeable moral honorable purposes in the mind make man analyze, then it will convert the animal side of a man into human.Practical intelligence or our will assigns us duties. These are duties directed toward realizing the purposes mentioned. He also alienated man as a natural creature and an independent intelligent creature into two existences the visible world and the independent realm of intelligence. He thought that man is the center of everything. He centre on mans humanity and happiness, also in the progress of changes and development of intelligence based on the universal and moral standards found in the conscience.Cosmopolitanism and Perpetual Peace by Immanuel KantThe ideal center of cosmopolitanism is that all human beings belong to a single comm unity that is needed to be cultivated. According to Kant, all rational be ings are members in a moral community which is similar to a republic that shares equality, freedom and independence. They are governing by the laws of morality, grounded in reason. He advocated the weakest form of international legal order, namely, league of nation, or the so called uniting of all nations. From his book of Perpetual Peace, he argued that world-wide peace can be attaining by the internal organization of the state which is accord to the republican principles.Some reacted negatively against the proposition of Immanuel Kant, due to its inconsistency. He also presented the third sphere of the public law, which is the cosmopolitan law, in which, both the state and every citizen living in it have the rights as citizens of earth, rather than as a citizen of a specific state. Under moral cosmopolitanism is the valued equality of everyone most probably in terms of gender, this separated them from slavery, colonial exploitation, hierarchy of feudalism and tutelage of various s orts. Republic and its Relation to temperament and Morality A republic shares equality, freedom and independence. They are governed by the laws of morality, grounded in reason. Where every individual living in the same state is given rights, freedom, bridal and independence. It is a state in which the sovereignty resides in the people or a certain portion of the people, and the legislative and administrative powers are lodged in officers pick out by and representing the people a representative democracy. It is applied to almost every from of government except kingdoms, empires and dictatorships. Meaning, it is a community of persons working freely in or devoted to the same cause.A republic is composed of the people living in a state devoted to the same cause. Every individual has the capabilities to survive by using their natural qualities powered up by their intelligence and consciousness to understand. As a man grows up and develops little by little he discovers his weaknesses and strengthens his abilities. He is taught by other humans I his environment about the good and bad things he might encounter in his life. There are lots of things to learn. Here enters education, this is what is being imparted to generation by generation for their own races progression of the future.Man is educated about the basic activities for survival. He is taught of the rules and laws engraft to his area or state. Once he became conscious about something, he will began be curious to know how to surpass a different situation. in concert with his ability to think and rationalization, his intelligence will lead him to a plan for success in overcoming the scenario.To build a strong society, a state, we need to filter out hard in molding our people. There is a need to start from the single citizen that composes a group. The state should make it possible for its member to attain education, for them to enhance their natural potentials, talents and abilities which can be useful for the economic growth of the country. The republic must promote solidarity with other nations and become an exemplar of a peaceful living.Everything is affiliated to everything else as stated in the Ecologys seven principles. This is parallel to the relation between the republic, nature and the morality. It is quite visible and perceivable that it is a bicycle and a mutual relationship inside a county. Their foundation is each other. They depend on each pillar. To start it, from the existence of an individual which is the simple unit of society, till he received and gained a support from the state through education, till he exercised his natural sense of thinking to solve circumstances and grew to experiences will produce him into a well competitive independent individual of a society bounded with the laws of morality, based on ethics.The responsibility of the elected people in the republic is to help and support its people to discover and cultivate their own potentials and also co ntribute to the improvement of the society and also help other tender existing little children equipped with their own intelligence which needs practice and cultivation.Immanuel Kant focused on the natural and morality of man in terms of its existence and role in the society. That a man becomes human when taught to be morally upright based on some standards together with the other man in the society with same will, will promote a republic that fall out into the same mean. That is to raise a man on its natural qualities and live in a moral society with better persons.Work CitedBohman, James. Cosmopolitan Republicanism. The Monist 84 (2001) 3-22Heater, Derek. World Citizenship and Government Cosmopolitan Ideas in the History of Western Political Thought. naked as a jaybird York St. Martins, 1996.Kleingeld, Pauline. Approaching Perpetual Peace Kants Defence of a League of States and his Ideal of a World Federation. European Journal of Philosophy 12 (2004) 304-325.Kleingeld, Pauline. Six Varieties of Cosmopolitanism in Late Eighteenth-Century Germany. Journal of the History of Ideas 60 (1999) 505-524.Kleingeld, Pauline. Kantian Patriotism. Philosophy & Public Affairs 29 (2000) 313-341.Rawls, John. The Law of Peoples. Cambridge Harvard University Press, 1999.Schlegel. Essay on the Concept of Republicanism occasioned by the Kantian tract Perpetual Peace. In The Early Political Writings of the German Romantics, ed. and trans. Frederick C. Beiser, 93-112. Cambridge Cambridge University Press, 1996.

Develop a stock market Essay

(a) Dependable law and regulationsThe existence of dependable laws and regulations, not just now from the government but also from the enterprises themselves is a necessary conditions since these all the organizations to compete and cooperate with the oversea and worldwide companies.(b) Resolution of policy riskInvestor confidence in reliable position right and stable, market-oriented policies are a necessary condition for financial integration and the development of emerging stock markets. Announced market-oriented policies may be reversed, however, and are initially not fully credible. We argue that sustained privatization and liberalization programmes represent a major test of political commitment to safer private property rights, successful privatization has a significant effect on emerging stock market development through the resolution of policy risk, i.e. the risk of ex extend policy changes with redistributive impact on investment returns. The evidence showed the progress in privatization gradually leads to increased confidence.(c) Promoting healthy financial institutionsHealthy financial institutions especially banks, is a crucial prerequisite for financial stability. The largest number of crises still arise, be it in emerging market economies or industrial countries, from financial institutions overextending themselves when times seem soundly and then retrenching violently afterwards. Governance would first benefit from a greater internal focus on risk-adjusted rates of return, particularly when rewarding traders and credit officers. The stern pursuit of shareholder value, without this crucial adjustment, could prove a very dangerous strategy.(d) Developing worldwide acceptable accounting and audit standardIt is recommended profession should be is self-regulated through accountingstandard board instead of regulate by government, improve the credible of accounting and auditing report up to international accounting organization (IAS) standards.

Pharmacia & Upjohn Case Study

Kayem Foods, Inc. Case Study Kayem Foods, Inc Buzz Marketing Al paint Chicken Sausage STRATEGIC ISSUES AND PROBLEMS categoric Monkiewicz is the director of marketing for Kayem Foods, Inc.. Mr. Monkiewicz was put under pressure to decide whether or not to us a buzz marketing plan for their Al Fresco chicken blimp marker, which would be implemented as part of their advertising candidature for 2006. The Al Fresco chicken sausage brand was adapted to enamour a large portion of their target market, making them the number- angiotensin-converting enzyme brand in its target market.The dilemma that Monkiewicz faces is whether or not the increase in gross gross revenue were due(p) to the buzz marketing incline they implemented the previous year or if other advertising and promotional campaigns were the sole reason for the increase in gross revenue. In order to make a decision, Monkiewicz must analyze all parts of the advertising and promotional campaigns that they have previously us ed and decide which of these campaigns actually contributed to the sales increase and which campaigns didnt. KAYEM FOODS, INC. Kayem Foods, Inc. as been around for almost a 100 years and is located in Chelsea, Massachusetts. The company has historically made its fortune from selling insolent delicatessen meats, hot dogs, and sausage. Annual sales, from the fiscal year ending February 28, 2004, were approximately $140 million. The majority of their sales came from meat products that were sold under several brand names, with the majority of the meat products being that of hot dogs. They have several brand names for which their products are sold and the most well-known brand is Kayem. there has been a continually rising market for sausage. Breakfast sausage has increased by 2 percent and dinner sausage has increased by 4 percent in 2003. This is why Kayem Foods, Inc. is desperately working to find a way to impound this rapidly growing market. Kayem Foods director of marketing, Matt M onkiewicz, feels that in order to adequately capture a significant portion of the market they must be entrusting to think outside the box and possibly implement non-traditional styles of advertising. Buzz marketing does scarce what Mr.Mankiewicz is looking for in his advertising campaign, which that they have used in the previous year and it has made them the number one-selling brand of chicken sausage, however, not all of the sales absorb at Kayem believes this increase in sales were due to Buzz marketing. Although Kayem has been able to substantially increase the sales of Al Fresco, they still have a lot of concerns pertaining to their profit margins. In the recent years supermarkets have been able to gain industry power, when it comes to dealing with manufacturers that supply them with products.The supermarkets now demand larger discounts and coupons for their customers. There is also a force keeping prices down due to the tense competition within the industry. In the past two years Kayems buck private label activity has been operating at break-even and co-packs have been operating below break-even. Obviously Kayem is in business to make money and not operate at break-even. They must use an aggressive advertising technique to get their profit margin back up. INSIGHTS TO BUZZ MARKETING You can sum up the explanation of Buzz marketing in just 3 account books, word of mouth. Many companies have found this advertising approach to be very profitable and kindly to their bottom line. In todays market, especially due to the rise of social networking, many companies depend on their current customers to help spread the word of their products. Buzz marketing helps companies build brand loyalty and awareness by building a personal relationship with their consumers. Many times consumers can be more easily persuaded towards purchasing a product when it is recommended from someone they know or trust and Buzz marketing does exactly that.Kayem Foods, Inc. previously u sed a company called Bzz Agent to implement their Buzz marketing campaign. Bzz Agent currently had 60,000 agents and these agents volunteered to try the products and then would use word of mouth techniques to get these products in the detention of their friends, acquaintances, and possibly st telescopers. Most of the Buzz agents actually enjoyed testing new products and then talking about them to their friends, they felt some type of satisfaction for being one of the firsts to discover the product.Bzz Agent also found that most of their agents advertised their products in all of the social networking settings, which also helps spread the word of the products. In recent years, marketing managers have found that product endorsements were more credible when it came from a friend or acquaintance. PLAN OF ACTION Mr. Monkiewicz must decide on which advertising campaign Al Fresco will use for next year. He must decide if they will usual traditional advertising like television, radio, magaz ines, and billboards.Another option for his campaign could be Buzz marketing, which if he decided to use he must develop a better way to track the increase in sales that come from Buzz marketing. He may also decide to implement more than one style of advertising and possibly combine the different approaches together, however, Monkiewicz has totally been granted a marketing budget of $185,000 so he must be fully aware of his choices. Some of his choices may also not be feasible because of their high cost. Since Monkiewicz was only allowed $185,000 for advertising campaign, he will not be able to choose the more expensive advertising options like television.What he felt appropriate options for his advertising campaign were Buzz marketing, magazines, and price-off coupons. Based off of the chart above, Better Homes and Gardens magazine will also not be an option. He is left with Buzz marketing, trade marketing, food and wine magazine, cooking light magazine, and price-off coupons. RE COMMENDED AL FRESCO MARKETING STRATEGY The efficiency of buzz marketing is undeniable, penetrative social networks and building personal relationships with consumers. With that being said, Matt Monkiewicz should choose to implement the Buzz marketing strategy for their advertising campaign.It is also a cheap option that has multiple benefits. In order to track the success of their Buzz marketing campaign he will just simply ask his Bzz agents to have the citizenry they reach out to, for their product, fill out an online survey. This survey will ask questions like will they continue to buy Al Fresco products, were they satisfied and if not, why? , and also if they were able to find their products at their local super market. Mr. Monkiewicz should combine his Buzz campaign with Trade marketing, with the combination of these two approaches he will certainly get the word out there and it will help to build brand awareness.He can also use the remaining, $185,000 ($75,000+$80,000) = $3 0,000, $30,000 for price-off coupons, which will further help to splay their portion of the target market. TARGET MARKET Al Fresco should keep the same target market as before. Their target market should be women that range in age from 25 to 45 years old. This is the best suitable target market for their product, considering that this is the most health conscious market out there. What Al Fresco should do, however, is use their advertising efforts to capture a larger portion of this market. MARKETING MIXProduct Strategy Al Fresco should keep their product of chicken sausage and their current flavors. Price Strategy One thing that Al Fresco must do is not discount their products as much. We know that the sales force for Al Fresco thought the primary reason for becoming the number one selling product of chicken sausages was because of constant discounts they were giving away to the supermarkets. If Al Fresco can cut down on their discounts and they can continue to capture the major ity of the market then they will be able to trip up how effective their Buzz marketing campaign was.Distribution Strategy The current distribution strategy implemented by Al Fresco has proven to be in(predicate) so they should continue to use the same strategy, If its not broken, dont fix it. Advertising and Promotion Strategy Al Fresco will use the combination of trade marketing, price-off coupons, and Buzz marketing for their advertising campaign. If they can effectively implement these low cost advertising approaches then they should be able to gain back some of their profit margin that they have been so concerned about in the past couple years.

Coming of Age Essay

A coming of age experience can happen any time during is life history, most(prenominal) often when it is least expected. It is the thread that sews humanity together, a phenomenon, which is undeniable. Society tells us, it is a defining moment in a childs life, when the world in some way becomes his or her own. Why then is Coming of Age simply relegated to the young? We all experience this phenomenon, from the tender age of four till the ripe anile age of ninety-four.It is non an experience based solely on chronological milestones. Coming of age is a defining moment when a persons wide-eyed nnocence is replaced with something deeper and at times something darker and more sinister, a snapshot in life when one realized the answer rests inside us, not relying completely on God. Consequently, in that way, we are always coming of age, always-losing innocence, gaining understanding, and always discovering new truths about ourselves, emotionally, and intellectually.Coming of age is th e act of experiencing a definitive shift in ones perspective, a greater realization of ones place in the world, and a further understanding of how personal actions and reactions are ntegrally linked. Thats not fair was my tactile sensation quotation as a little girl. A life full of Barbies, tea parties, and several sharpshoots of Go-Fish card games was very demanding for a five year old. I could only assume the world revolved around which Barbie I wanted to be, what frilly dress I wanted to wear, and my pristine skills of winning every round of Go-Fish.As a little princess, fairness was vital to what made me happy. When I was eight years old, the word fair took on a whole new(prenominal) meaning the day my mom and her outdo friend, Muffy, took my sister and me to lunch. As we at down at the table, Muffy, the mother of my best friend, Sam, hesitantly twisted the diamond jut out from her gold wedding band. We waited for our lunches in silence, my sister and I only knowing that th ey had something to tell us, but not knowing what. The silence was unbearable waiting for something that must have no positive outcome was definitely, as I would term, unfair.After the waitress brought our food, my moms voice filled the intolerable silence. Unlike her everyday motherly lectures, my moms voice seemed Just as excruciating as the previous silence it was uncertain, unfamiliar, and distant. My mom has always been the fair sex that I honor and would hope to become. The smiles and love she has given to my sister and me have been unconditional and contagious. At the moment, the slightly tilted frown and the unfulfilled eye contact was not the char that I knew as my mother.All I wish for was to read her brain, fgure out who she had become so that I could make everything better and change her back to the woman I see myself being one day. Muffy began with her understanding voice, a quality that she and my mother share, Emily and Peggy, I can see the concern on your faces and we are here to tell ou that Sam has cancer. He will be undergoing surgery next week and all I ask from you is to be as understanding, mature, and as ministrant as possible. I know you are both strong and that it is going to be hard for all of us. My best friend, at eight years old, has cancer. I continued to repeat this in my mind. There was no He will be find or Everything will be taken car of. My mind was running with questions, How long has he had cancer? Will he have to undergo chemo? Will he lose all his hair? But unfair. ii years later Sam went with his third treatment. At this point we were told hat he was not going to make it and at that moment, as a young eight year old, I began to understand that lifes trials cannot be won like a game of go-fish.I began to understand that life is not fair because I did not understand why someone so caring and loving like Sam would be put through this. I do wish that fguring these things out at such a young age would not be as tor tuous as my best friend getting cancer and passing away. However, for me, maturing at that age is accepting that the world does not revolved around me. That losing in a game of go-fish is not the end of the world and to treasure every day of life.

Internet and Suicide Essay

Millions of lot in the developed countries confound access to internet. This due to the high advancements in proficient levels. High literacy levels have likewise contributed to the usage of internet coupled with growing needs and desire to doctor schooling. Internet is rising as Americas most important source of tuition. (Alao, 1999) The increased affordability of person-to-person computing in recent years has put computers in many homes across the nation. This availability has excessively driven the cost of internet access down so that many households commode afford to plunk for to internet operate at precise low costs.This along with the vast amount of quality knowledge on hand(predicate) on the internet has led to increased internet usage. The internet has become handy and utile to find right information at cardinals fingertips literally on anything from math formulas to the outgo vogue to vote down oneself. (Baume, 1997) Suicide and Internet- Amount of inform ation and How it Can Be Accessed The internet has become the occult version of the real world where good and bad coexist.It is a small world except less(prenominal) strong regulations to hinder the detrimental effect of bad resources like those websites that provides encouragement for suicidal methods, and unprofessional advices on felo-de-se. (Shaffer, 2000) It is amazing how easily one can access to more(prenominal) than 1,000,000 websites regarding suicide and information on how to kill oneself. Suicide is basically how a person forces encouraged to take his or her life. In simple terms, a person gets information on the easiest, fastest and may be painless methods that can be employ to kill his or herself.Internet is known to offer some advice on crude methods that can be used to kill oneself. The internet offers information as fast as possible and no one needs to know that you are intending to kill oneself. (Michel, 2000) Taking ones life is usually a personal decision and internet offers personalized assistance. This is the main reason why many people revoke to it when they require information on to how to commit suicide. Information can be accessed in the privacy of ones bedroom, cybercafes, or even in the office. No one needs to find out since it is silent advice though very powerful.Another reason why many people have turned to internet to seek information on how to commit suicide is availability of cheap and efficient internet networks and connections. To access internet is no longer an expensive or a cumbersome exercise. Besides that, one is assured that the information or advice given is confidential unless, of course, you divulge it to other people. (Michel, 2000) Young children and youth are usually the most peculiar(a) lot and they always want to explore and find out more about what they hear.It is through much(prenominal) adventures, that they access information that has to do with suicide. There are some groups of people however who com mit suicide without the intention of taking away their lives. It is only that curiosity gets the better of them. They try to experiment with the advice and information they get from internet oblivious of the deadly consequences. There were some children who attached suicide after they accessed information regarding Sadaams execution. This was a sad and unfortunate incident which can only be linked to cheap and available internet connections.(Etzersdorfer, 1998) Tackling the deaths which come as a result of internet connections is a challenging task. This is because there is no workable formula which has been devised so far to control the usage and internet access. Cybercafes are all all over and people can always sneak in and browse some information and advice without anybodys knowledge. It is suitable increasingly difficult to control peoples lives due to the increasing demands in the modern society. (Potter, 2000) umteen organizations and institutions have subscribed to interne t connections including homes.It is therefore not easy to control the usage of internet since it has also contributed to growth of other social economic and cultural factors. It also important to note that, the information contained in the websites cannot be easily censored. As a matter of fact, it has not been censored therefore, the amount of information that can be found in the internet cuts across the whole world. People are actually invited to color or even add more information regarding suicide and therefore the people have more than enough methods of committing suicide to choose from. (Potter, 2000) Effects of Internet on SuicideThe effects of internet on incidences of suicide are becoming overcome with every passing day. The report and incidents of suicide have been inform on the television, radio and even written on papers. (Phillips, 1974) The exposure of people on such media services has proved to have negative influences on the people heart-to-heart them. It has been reported that the people who are exposed to internet area more inclined to be involved in acts of suicide. There have been overwhelming and systematic reviews published by people and they reveal the saddening truth regarding incidents of suicide.For instance there have been manuals on suicide, literature and suicide and actual reports of suicides shown on the films. Despite the evidence from all these forms of media, the extent to which internet contributes to suicides is only to be proved. (Baume, 1997) nearly suicide cases are reported especially when the victims had collected very specific information on suicide. Such stories are portrayed prominently and dramatically. Internet has also led to mob psychological science because the information collected can be distributed amongst friends.Many people have been reported to have committed suicide together in a group since the information was forwarded to each and every one of them. Most of the books and journals accessed on the in ternet have been easily trusted and exercised. The guidelines that a re presents are properly sketch and therefore they leave no doubt in the person accessing the information. (Etzersdorfer, 1998) The information appears to be given from a professional point of view. Besides that the methods portrayed are outlined in a procedural way and the degree of efficiency is seen to be very highFalse Advice Due to the increased reliance of people on information available on the internet, some authors have come up with false advice on the best and efficient procedures that one must follow to effectively commit suicide. Some people have been left paralyzed and mentally retarded after attempting suicide. This has been due to failed methods which did not achieve the end goal. (Potter, 2000) The information available has also been falsified and unsuspecting individuals go ahead to use the information since they have no convey of checking the facts.

How Social Media has a bad effect on Society

As we approach 2014 favorable media has been very advantageous communicating tool for plurality of whole ages to use. However tail assembly closed doors hearty media is strangling the life out of the younger generation. straight of course I do not mean this liter on the wholey, and in many ways sites handle Facebook and chirrup promote to teenagers about fashioning friends and widening their friend circles which is excellent-in theory.This has in my opinion got out of go across and scientists contract been able to come up new psychological evidence that shows that teenagers have increased aggression in their moods and lack of empathy which increases the possibility of schizophrenic disorder and depression. Most teenagers I talk to check out that they locoweedt surmise a world without social media and an astounding 96% of people have at sensation situation signed up to whizz of these sites. The newly disc everyplaceed FoMo syndrome has come hand in hand with the soci al media craze, which is the Fear of Missing out.This syndrome heart that people be glued onto their social media sites constantly refreshing the pages because they atomic number 18 so afraid of miss out on something important or interesting. Arguably the biggest problem with kindly Media is Cyberbullying. This is not your average instill bullying in the sense it can be controlled by people, on social networking sites bullies dont get told off by anyone or restricted by anyone and can continue as they count fit. An early(a) difficulty with online bullying is that the attacker can hide slowly their computer and are dim by this.A push- overmatch store of people would not have the courage to say things in person to one another but on Facebook people seem to be more than outgoing and some exclusively have a change of personality and become a lot more confident. Ask. fm over the last year has been linked to 9 cyberbullying evoked suicides and has been the centre of many petit ions about the site creation seize onn down. On this site people can anonymously want questions to the user for them to be answered and posted, which seems unbiased and funny. Disgusting, vile teenagers have been abusing users on Ask. fm anonymously though and this is what has impelled 9 people to take their own lives.Personally I believe that this site should be taken down immediately and save users from the tease of faceless bullies. Sexting is another online craze at the moment throughout social Networking. This is when two people follow in a sexually explicit conversation or air out sexually explicit images via Facebook or a new phenomenon Snapchat. Immature teens do not know the risks of this still and do not control that as a result of their actions a message or photo could fall into the wrong turn over and could jeopardise the reputation or perhaps the future of the individual.Stalkers and predators are know to be highly reciprocal on Social Networking sites as it is an easy way to search and leading anybody in the world. To add to all these valid points comes possibly one of the most appreciated of all which is cadence Social Networking for me and for millions of teenagers all over the world one of the biggest time wasters in modern day society. For display case whilst revising for a testing I will dedicate the night before to learn, whilst in coercive concentration though a PING will sound from my phone resting nest to me and I necessarily check to see what it was.Half an mo later I think to myself Oh My God, Ive wasted the whole of prep. Events like these happen daily. On the other hand along with all this negativity social media sites like Facebook, Instagram and twitter show that people are brought together and that these sites are there for old friends to reunite and catch-up via private message. In conclusion, Social Networking sites are meant for all kinds of social behaviour essentially but in my opinion it has definitely become out of hand and I can only see these problems getting worse and worse.How Social Media has a bad outlet on SocietyAs we approach 2014 social media has been very advantageous communicating tool for people of all ages to use. However behind closed doors social media is strangling the life out of the younger generation. Now of course I do not mean this literally, and in many ways sites like Facebook and Twitter promote to teenagers about making friends and widening their friend circles which is excellent-in theory.This has in my opinion got out of hand and scientists have been able to come up new psychological evidence that shows that teenagers have increased aggression in their moods and lack of empathy which increases the possibility of schizophrenia and depression. Most teenagers I talk to say that they cant imagine a world without social media and an astounding 96% of people have at one point signed up to one of these sites. The newly discovered FoMo syndrome has come hand in hand with the social media craze, which is the Fear of Missing out.This syndrome means that people are glued onto their social media sites constantly refreshing the pages because they are so afraid of missing out on something important or interesting. Arguably the biggest problem with Social Media is Cyberbullying. This is not your average school bullying in the sense it can be controlled by people, on social networking sites bullies dont get told off by anyone or restricted by anyone and can continue as they see fit. Another difficulty with online bullying is that the attacker can hide behind their computer and are shadowed by this.A lot of people would not have the courage to say things in person to one another but on Facebook people seem to be more outgoing and some completely have a change of personality and become a lot more confident. Ask. fm over the last year has been linked to 9 cyberbullying evoked suicides and has been the centre of many petitions about the site being taken down. On this site people can anonymously ask questions to the user for them to be answered and posted, which seems innocent and funny. Disgusting, vile teenagers have been abusing users on Ask. fm anonymously though and this is what has driven 9 people to take their own lives.Personally I believe that this site should be taken down immediately and save users from the torment of faceless bullies. Sexting is another online craze at the moment throughout Social Networking. This is when two people engage in a sexually explicit conversation or send sexually explicit photos via Facebook or a new phenomenon Snapchat. Immature teens do not know the risks of this however and do not realise that as a result of their actions a message or photo could fall into the wrong hands and could jeopardise the reputation or perhaps the future of the individual.Stalkers and predators are known to be highly common on Social Networking sites as it is an easy way to search and track anybody in the wo rld. To add to all these valid points comes possibly one of the most appreciated of all which is time Social Networking for me and for millions of teenagers all over the world one of the biggest time wasters in modern day society. For example whilst revising for a test I will dedicate the night before to learn, whilst in absolute concentration though a PING will sound from my phone resting nest to me and I unavoidably check to see what it was.Half an hour later I think to myself Oh My God, Ive wasted the whole of prep. Events like these happen daily. On the other hand along with all this negativity social media sites like Facebook, Instagram and twitter show that people are brought together and that these sites are there for old friends to reunite and catch-up via private message. In conclusion, Social Networking sites are meant for all kinds of social behaviour essentially but in my opinion it has definitely become out of hand and I can only see these problems getting worse and wo rse.

Abstract-writing guidelines Essay

An mouse allows the author to communicate to his audience the detailed information of his original research in a concise manner. Foote (2006) and December and Katz (nd) recommend that in theme a good abstract, it should contain four elements background or objectives, methods, results and conclusion. The background highlights the research questions and/or hypotheses, the methods limn the study population, info gathering techniques and statistical analysis. The results indicate the most pertinent findings and should contain actual data (Maughan 2001) and illustrative examples.The conclusion summarizes the findings and implications of the study (Rooryck & van Heuven 2003). The abstract should be amid 100 and 250 words (Foote 2006, Shannon 2000, Guidelines for composition an abstract n. d. ) and should never be longer than a page (Rooryck & van Heuven 2003). Staiger (1965) suggests that a good abstract can have as little as 150 words once the information is curtly presented. Shan non (2000) and December and Katz (n. d. ) advise that nonessential information such as literature reviews should be avoided.In price of style only common abbreviations should be employ and only minimally (Foote 2006, Shannon 2000) and jargons should not be used (Maughan 2001). The future tense, adverbs and adjectives should also be avoided. The text should flow and be intelligible and easily comprehended by non-specialists and international readers. Abstract The traditional pattern of negotiation and placing of insurance peril amongst brokers and underwriters follows a opposite and paper approach but the new electronic placing system (EPS) is available to allow for submitting, transmitting and negotiating risks and touch claims electronically.This study explores the reasons for introducing, causes for the slow adoption and resistance to the implementation of the EPS systems. In a longitudinal research between 1993 and 1996, we surveyed 94 senior grocery management, IT director s and staff, brokers and underwriters in the London Insurance Market using semi-structured interviews, observations of insurance risk placement work practices along with resource reviews. Reasons for introducing, delaying or resisting EPS introduction were copied verbatim and categorized based on its impact on work transformation or paid identity in the workplace.EPS was implemented because of the benefits of productivity, efficiency, fixedness and cost, its capability to facilitate simultaneous risk transmissions and likely to broaden job horizons. Reasons for resisting or delaying introduction of EPS were the resulting minimisation of client, broker and underwriter interaction, the EPS inability to transmit supporting customer documents to potential underwriters and its potential to undermine the professional role and identity of brokers and underwriters and to worsen employment conditions and job satisfaction.Brokers also saw EPS as a potential threat to their employment secur ity. There is resistance to technological change in the London Insurance Market and failure to adopt these technologies. EPS challenges the traditional mode of operation. We recommend that there be a balance between the use of computer technologies and traditional methodologies. References December, J. & Katz, S. nd, What is an abstract The writing center, Online Available at http//www.rpi. edu/web/writingcenter/abstracts. html Foote, M. 2006, approximately concrete ideas about manuscript abstracts, Chest, vol. 129, no. 5, p. 1375-1377. Guidelines for writing an abstract, Sigma Theta Tau, International, Online Available at http//www. umassd. edu/nursing/theta_kappa/research_committee/guidelines_abstract. doc Maughan, R. 2001, Editorial abstract thoughts, Journal of Sports Sciences, vol. 19, no. 5, p. 305. Rooryck, Johan & van Heuven, V.2003, Guidelines for writing abstracts, Leiden University, Online Available at http//www. unc. edu/linguistics/confinfo_files/hil-tips. pdf Shannon, S. 2000, piece of music a structured abstract, Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal, vol. 51, no. 6, p. 328-329. Staiger, D. L. 1965, What todays students need to hold out about writing abstracts, Journal of Business Communication, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 29-33. Walsham, G. 2001, Making a world of difference IT in a global context, Wiley, Chichester, pp. 150-160.

Magazines articles Essay

I enjoyed quaternate stories in this film. The first story that stood come forth for me the most was the mother who had give the axecer. This story was extremely sad for me because I could not picture my mother in that position. I desire they are communicating through motion-picture photography because the mother asks to put her story out there. By watching this film the mother seems like she is a strong person who does not mind putting her story out there because she does not want anyone to feel like they are the only ones going through this experience. My reaction was surprised when I motto her marks on her back from the cancer. I did not think she would show that on camera to the world. In her case I believe that verbal communication was the most affective especially when she was talking to her son. The future(a) story that stood out for me was the older couple who wrote their vows for each other. I found that clip humorous. I believe for them communicating verbally is sp ecial for them to share what they want for each other. Just from watching their clip I could get an insight of their life just by the way they jokes with each other in their vows.It is well-fixed to tell that they have a strong marriage and are not afraid to joke virtually with each other. The next story that made me think was the story of the women from Afghanistan. This story was interesting to me because for Americans it is portrayed that the women in Afghanistan have no freedom and are controlled by the men in their life. Showing the women doing karate was an eye untier because it showed me we do not know everything that is going on in Afghanistan. Just because one part of Afghanistan whitethorn be a certain way does not mean it is all like that. Non verbal communication made the most impact because just seeing the women doing something they enjoy meant a lot.No words can describe that better than seeing the looks on the womens faces when they are enjoying themselves. Being i n different countries sometimes you cant believe everything you see in politics or see on the discussion and media. This clip was a perfect example of that. This whole video made an impact on me because it showed me that when I am laying in my bed with all my blankets and pillows there are many people out there my age sleeping on the streets with no food or even shelter. When I am riding the bus to class somewhere around the world a young man or woman is carrying all of their belongings on their back.

Economics Paper Essay

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the total number of goods and service produced in an parsimoniousness in a given year. Measured in monetary terms, it reflects the general output of an economy per given period of time. The so-called price basket index (the average price levels for all goods and services in an economy) is the standard maeasure of GDP (the base year is arbitrary). GDP, however, is a standard esteem itself. It is used to measure business cycles. Business cycles are generally fluctuations of aggregate production schedules per given period of time (normally monthly).several(prenominal) theorists attempted to formalize the theory behind business cycles to no avail. Explanatory variables offered by these theorists were either peanut or in contradiction with accepted economical principles. In any case, the ratio of GDP to the electric potential GDP can serve as an indirect measurement of the level of production fluctuation in the economy. If the ratio is close to 1, then the level of business cycle in an economy is also minimal. If the variance is large, then the economy experiences high levels of production fluctuations.In coiffe to remove these fluctuations, actual GDP mustiness equal potential GDP. If an economy achieves potential GDP, then it is Pareto Efficient. Hence, the amount of fluctuations (which characterized inefficiency) is close to zero. The determination of fiscal policies is only the function of the giving medication. monetary policies refer to expenditures a regimen undertakes to provide goods and services and to the way in which the presidency finances these expenditures (like taxes and subsidies).In the United States, some of the agencies concerned with setting fiscal policies are as follows agencies of the national government like the Defense Department, Trade Department, and the Bureau of Internal Revenue, and agencies of state governments. Generally, fiscal policies can be undertaken by all levels of government. The g eneral functions of these bodies are as follows 1) Provide goods and services that the market will usually not provide 2) Provide economic infrastracture that will facilitate the flow of goods and services in an economcy3) ontogeny government spending during times of uncertainty, economic crisis, and recessions 4) Provide businesses and investors an elaborate system of information in order to reduce transaction costs 5) And, bring about incentives schemes in order to encourage increased production (or create an optimal tax system where firms that produce negative externalities would be heavily taxed to reach the social optima). Fiscal policies encourage increased production in two ways.By providing incentive schemes or subsidies to particular industries, the government can expect a long-term increase in the economys output. Increasing government expenditure is seen by investors and firms as a sign of expected economic growth (psychological). By increase government expenditure, the national income increases by a certain amount depending on the government multiplier (note that Y = C + I + G + NX). An increase in G reflects an increase in Y. This induces other participants in an economy to spend more (therefore save less).Increased government spending also has bearing on employment, inflation, and general wage levels. Sustained government spending results to sustained inflation. Employment is ambiguously affected (this depends on the capacity of the economy to create jobs). Wage levels decreases in the long-run because of lower aggregate demand for labor. In many cases, fiscal policies are matched with monetary policies in order to achieve a desirable economic state. However, the use of monetary policies is more complicated. Hence, a separate analysis must be reserved for this topic.

Sociology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 18

Sociology - Essay theoretical accountucture to its formation and progress as a function of companionable units, customs, interactions, and general stimuli within the society construct around to affect that behavior (Farlex).Besides proposition of acknowledged theories which most hard sciences carry push through through an inductive process, kind science has made it a point to be founded on a deductive methodology, taking the matter of fact that by real experience, social relation would not roach itself al mavin in an individual, as distinctly impacting oneself apart from external communication or influence by others. It has then become a requirement in its meaning that a social relationship should formalize its existence in a situation where there flows substantial interaction between two individuals at least.Social institution, on the other hand, establishes and enhances such interaction by getting individuals in a manikin that makes them meet, know each other increasingly, and eventually share a common ground from which to form a culture. As normally encountered on a longer term, this culture or way of life becomes ones source of paradigm and core values to be used in response to how its unbroken reality shapes the human being who is self-aware of the necessity to either maintain or modify his social attributes whenever it suits him.The mutual aims and interests of humans who socialize with each other on a regular basis among antithetical institutions under diverse culture, further fit into a sum known as society. It is perhaps in deeply ascertaining what the society ought to be made of in view of idealism that had made the typical plan of classifying individuals into ranks based on the results of their talents effected through constant socialization which later establishes for them an economy and status they tidy sum be identified with. Economic discussions are however rather more specialized to go with social factors and must be treated in separ ate detail beside the points brought up in sociological studies.In

Successful Adoption of Strategic Management Principle Research Paper

Successful acceptance of Strategic Management Principle - Research Paper ExampleStrategic analysis is the most essential and first component of the strategical management process. It starts with analyzing the internal and external environments and the situation wherein the organization matches those environments (Hunger & Wheelen, 2000). After the end of the strategic analysis, formulation of strategy follows. This requires establishing the strengths of the organization to choose which strategies can be put into practice. The third coiffe is the strategic implementation. It requires actualizing or executing the formulated strategy (Hunger & Wheelen, 2000). The last stage requires monitoring the outcomes of an implemented strategy. This strategic review is basically similar to strategic analysis, observing the external and internal environments and the situation (Hunger & Wheelen, 2000) of the organization to resolve if a plan should be reconstructed. Strategic management contri butes largely to the long-term success of an organization. It is effective in the sense that it improves organizational outcomes through a structured process of strategic be after. However, strategic planning is non without cost or difficulties. It is difficult to perform requires extensive knowledge and rigour and without the right managerial leadership, it exit not be able to maintain the participation of others in the organization (Hill & Jones, 2009). The process of strategic planning will fail if there is no genuine and sustained involvement. However, if an organization chooses not to undergo strategic planning it will generate opportunity costs.